What is the 4-2-1 rule for pediatric fluids?

It's a shortcut for the Holliday-Segar method: 4 mL/kg for the first 10 kg, 2 mL/kg for the next 10 kg, and 1 mL/kg for every kg over 20 kg.

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Pediatric Maintenance Fluids Calculator

Calculate daily fluid requirements for pediatric patients based on weight, essential for hydration management.

Proper hydration is vital for hospitalized children who cannot take fluids by mouth. Pediatric fluid requirements are not linear; they are based on the Holliday-Segar method, which estimates caloric expenditure and the resulting water needs. This calculator uses the '4-2-1 rule' to provide both the hourly infusion rate and the total 24-hour fluid volume required.

Solo uso didattico. Questo strumento non sostituisce il giudizio clinico o i protocolli locali.

Weight (kg)

Reference

Maintenance rate

50 mL/hr

Maintenance fluids: 50 mL/hr (1200 mL/day)

40 mL + 2 mL/kg/hr * (15 - 10) kg

Weight (kg)15 kg

Daily total1200 mL/day

Method4-2-1 rule

Come funziona

The tool applies a tiered calculation based on the child's weight, ensuring that smaller infants receive proportionally more fluid per kilogram than older children or teenagers.

Formula di calcolo

Tiered: 4ml/kg (1st 10kg) + 2ml/kg (2nd 10kg) + 1ml/kg (rest)

Esempi di calcolo

1. **25kg Child**: (10*4)+(10*2)+(5*1) = **65 mL/hr**.

Perché utilizzare questo strumento nella tua vita quotidiana?

Questo servizio garantisce la sicurezza dell'idratazione per i pazienti più vulnerabili. Automatizzando il calcolo a livelli, elimina il rischio di disidratazione o sovraccarico di liquidi nelle cure pediatriche, rendendolo uno strumento indispensabile per infermieri e specializzandi pediatrici.